Scholarly Source:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7364747/
This source talks about literally everything that surrounds the anti-Asian hate crime from before, during, and after Covid-19. The history of treatment against Asian foreigners starting from the late 1700s was already at the level of verbal and physical violence started by individual racism but Covid-19 allowed a large growth in the spread of racism against Asians. Even politicians and president Trump promoted such racism by using the term “Chinese Virus” simply because it came from China, that term is merely one of a few terms used to describe the Covid-19 virus in a racist and xenophobic way which increases the risk of hate crime against Asians.

Magazine Source:
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/24/us/asian-american-racism-coronavirus-kelly-yang.html
This source opens with an interview where a teacher was called a “Chinese virus” by one of her students on her social media, which made her freeze in shock and described it as a scarring experience in seeing that type of comment. This racism against Asians during the pandemic is not only existing on the internet where people think they are fine behind a screen but it also exists outside of social media where it can get very physical.

Newspaper Source:

https://www.teenvogue.com/story/anti-asian-racism-stop-aapi-hate
An increase in acts of discrimination and racism against Asian Americans have been seen. Many cases of young Asian Americans attending school, in the public parks, and even online are being harassed while less than 10% of the cases involved bystanders intervening. Some of these stories and thoughts are being shared by young Asian Americans who are being affected by the surge of xenophobia in their lives during and after the pandemic. Surveys are showing how many of these Asian American families are in fear for the safety of themselves and their families, there are even businesses that created images or ads portraying Asians in a very bad light to increase racism against them.

Social Media Source:
https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/laurenstrapagiel/asian-racism-coronavirus-tiktok
Tik Tok videos are being made about the anti-Asian racism, these are being made by Asians to make fun of the topic itself. A lot of people are getting bothered by Asians just in general because of paranoia and the fact that the virus came from China. A Person even posted a video of how masks don’t even help lift the discrimination and glares from other people. But some of these videos include Asians helping other Asians that are being targeted by other racist people, which made one person quite glad to know that Asians are in this together.

Open Web Source, DoSomething.org

https://www.dosomething.org/us/facts/11-facts-about-discrimination-and-poverty-latino-community

Dosomething.org provides a webpage of statistics and facts pertaining to the Hispanic or the Latino community in the United States. The webpage provides eleven direct and simple facts in a listed manner to their viewers. The Hispanic community makes up about almost 20% of the total population in the United States today. However, Hispanics and Latinos are the second most discriminated community in the nation. The informative list provides statistics based on various sources regarding how the community is discriminated against. One major area this type of discrimination is encountered on is in the workplace. Many Hispanics or Latinos face the struggles of working in discriminatory conditions. Furthermore, there is a wage gap between Latinos and other ethnic groups in the country. These statistics provide a better understanding of the unfortunate dilemmas that many Hispanics face today.

Magazine, The NY Times

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/03/opinion/ramos-afro-latinos-racism.html

The article “A Hard Conversation for the Latino Community” was written by Jorge Ramos, who is a well known anchor and writer for the Univision network. The article focuses on Afro-Latinos or Latinos with African ancestry in the United States. Mr.Ramos showcases the story of his co-anchor, Ilia Calderon, who faced discrimination throughout her life before joining Univision, as an Afro-Latina herself. Furthermore, Mr.Ramos goes on to talk about the way Afro-Latinos have had to endure verbal abuse that equates to racism. A connection is then made between how Afro-Latinos face racism in the United States as well as in Latin America. Mr.Ramos also provides a historical context regarding slavery and how it has affected racial equality today. The article concludes with the desire for change in society to end the discrimination that many Latinos face today.

Newspaper, NBC News

https://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/racism-not-lack-assimilation-real-problem-facing-latinos-america-n974021

The article “Racism, not a lack of assimilation, is the real problem facing Latinos in America” was written by Suzanne Gamboa, a national reporter for NBC Latino and NBCnews.com. The article speaks about the hate crimes and discrimination that Latinos face in the United States. The idea of Hispanics being seen as foreign by other Americans is brought upon throughout the article. The historical background of this idea is also shown and explains how the idea of not being seen as socially equal began since the Mexican American War in the nineteenth century. Furthermore, the article discusses the discrimination Latinos face that ranges from being denied mortgage loans to being treated unfairly for speaking a language other than English. The article concludes with the idea of a presence of more Latinos in the media in order to counteract the unfair treatment many Latinos face today.

Scholarly Source

https://link-springer-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/article/10.1007/s10964-019-01175-z

The scholarly article “Perceived Experiences of Discrimination and Latino/a Young Adults’ Personal and Relational Well-being” was published in 2019. The article focuses on the negative effects that ethnic discrimination has on the mental health of young Latino adults in the United States. The article emphasizes the impact that discrimination has on the self image and identity of the victims to said behavior. The article then focuses on a study made of young Latino adults in the United States which included several variables. This study was made to evaluate the effects of discrimination on the stability of relationships and that of the individual. The article concludes with how ethnic identity plays a role in the outcome of discrimination towards the Latinos who participated in the study.

Open Web Source: “Teach Us All” (Trailer Documentary) 

In this trailer for the documentary Teach Us All by Sonia Lowman. The author captures the country sixty years later after nine black kids entered a white school in Little Rock, Arkansas. In the short video of 3 minutes, the author questions the audience, “60 six later: how far have we come?”. This trailer explores the hyper segregation that the schools in the country live today, where at least 75% of the school students are from the same race. The author claims that evolution is part of us as everything in life, and segregation is not the exception; Segregation has never left just adapted to new circumstances in society. The film infers how U.S society has adopted it as a racial income inequality issue. To end up the video by saying that Education Inequality is America’s most urgent civil rights issue. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5hE2Xm_dDQ 

Magazine Article: Inequality Public Schools 

In this article by Michael Godsey, the author provides another view of how broken is the education system nowadays, while explaining the disparities between scholars and how the opportunities are limited. The author offers the SAT as an example of how unfair and unequal are these standardized exams are for students from the middle-low class who don’t receive the same education as private schools. While the kids from private schools have the opportunity to have parents that can pay hundreds of dollars in tuition for standardized exams like the SAT or ACT, the low-class students don’t get the same education and, therefore, not the same preparation for this exams. The author finishes by saying how parents see kids entering all from the same building door, yet they don’t enter through the same door of opportunities, calling them “the second door,” the systematical door. 

https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2015/06/inequality-public-schools/395876/

Newspaper Article: A Portrait of Segregation in New York’s City’s Schools

In this article for the New York Times by Ford Fessenden, the author set out detailed and well-organized graphs accompanied by a map, to show the segregation in the five boroughs of New York City. The author uses this article to explain from a broader perspective how segregation looks in one of the most diverse cities in the world; New York. In the first graph, he evaluated the states with more segregation in schools, magnifying this social problem into a national disproportion. In the other two charts, he decided to show the consequences of segregation, being the students from low-income families the most affected group. The author accompanied the charts with a map illustrating the most segregated and less segregated schools in NYC. 

https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/interactive/2012/05/11/nyregion/segregation-in-new-york-city-public-schools.html

Scholarly Source: Racial Segregation and School Poverty 

In this article for the New York: Springer Science and Business Media LLC. Researches expose the truth of Black and Hispanic schools with high poverty rates. They analyze the data proportionated and explain why they suggest that schools’ racial segregation has broad implications for students’ achievements. By a graphic timeline and following the patters, they closely follow poverty rates in segregated minority schools in the country from 1998-1999 until 2015-2016. Revealing the disproportion in schools with a change rate of only 1% per year while concluding that black and Hispanic are more likely to attend to school with a high percentage of poverty because they tend to live in isolated neighborhoods with the lower average income in contrast to white children.

https://cuny-cc.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_CC/qlf695/cdi_proquest_journals_2352030286

Open-Web Source

https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/blogs/stateline/2019/07/30/new-laws-deepen-state-differences-over-abortion 

The article “New Laws Deepen State Differences Over Abortion” talks about the new laws that have garnered media attention and that has had a “salutary” effect by educating the public, which explained a lot about the opposing opinions evidenced by fake news by society. That article specifies the differences and arguments of states that have restrictive abortion laws and those that they don’t. For instance, New York, Rhode Island, Illinois, etc, have intended to defend women’s rights with law. On the county, Georgia, North Decoda, Mississippi, Missouri, etc, have permitted their political and religious beliefs into deciding for women’s rights. However, Vestal points out the political polarization and division within those states, that Democratic-led states are in favor of women’s rights, and Republic-led states are not.

Magazine Source

 https://www.vox.com/2019/5/16/18628002/abortion-ohio-alabama-georgia-law-bill-details 

In the article, Abortion in America” by Anna North, explains the 10 common facts about abortion in America. The article contains useful, factual information such as the percentage of women that will have an abortion by 45, which is 23.7%. North explains that there was a decline in abortion rates over the decade, and most women who obtain abortion already have kids. The article informs about four states that have restricted abortion rights to women, such as Alabama, Missouri, North Dakota, and Kentucky. However, Roe V. Wade has played an important role in such cause because most of the passed bills are aimed at such landmark. 

Newspaper

https://www.wsj.com/articles/supreme-court-justices-voice-clashing-views-as-they-weigh-louisiana-abortion-law-11583345306?mod=searchresults&page=1&pos=11

The magazine article “ Supreme Court Justices Voice Clashing Views as They Weigh Louisiana Abortion Law” by Jess Bravin and Brent Kendall, talk about the recent restrictive abortion laws in Louisiana and the struggles that women of that state are facing such as leaving the state with one clinic because they want “to bring abortion regulations in line”. However, Justice Alito claimed that the clinics hold a conflict of interest with women seeking an abortion. After days of arguing, the prosecutor wanted to admit the closure of the two out of three abortion clinics. However, there was a 30 miles radius to access abortion clinics and it is the first step to United States moving forward, as women now have better community health care toward abortion. 

Peer-reviewed Source

https://go-gale-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=22230&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=3&docId=GALE%7CA629773631&docType=Report&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=ZONE-MOD1&prodId=AONE&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CA629773631&searchId=R9&userGroupName=cuny_ccny&inPS=true

This peer-reviewed text talks about systemic and socio-cultural barriers that women of Georgia face limiting access to abortion services. The text consolidates abortion stigma that causes stress to women because of fear of judgment, isolation, and decision. The article suggests that religion has also played an important role in the state’s restrictive laws and the lack of resources in most of the Southern states of the United States. However, the text provides a lot of case studies about abortion rates and in-depth interviews of different resources and reasons such as religion, legislative system, and a mix of “sociodemographic characteristics”

These are the four articles I will be using for my source-based essay on poverty.

1. Kurtzleben, Danielle. “Seeking Suburban Votes, Trump To Repeal Rule Combating Racial Bias In Housing.” NPR, NPR, 21 July 2020, www.npr.org/2020/07/21/893471887/seeking-suburban-votes-trump-targets-rule-to-combat-racial-bias-in-housing. 

• This article is highlighting the tweet Donald Trump made regarding the AFFH Housing regulation of which was implemented by the Obama Biden administration to combat discrimination in federally assisted jurisdictions. In simple terms, it forced those areas receiving federal housing funds to assess the amount of discrimination they have and work on a plan to diminish it. This is an important piece of legislation as it forced those receiving money from the United States government to really look at their own practices and the practices that were instigated in shaping communities since segregation, hence it banned them from looking away and pretending this wasn’t an issue. Trump is praising the rescinding of this legislation because his base is mostly white and this type of legislation would make it likely to put affordable housing in the suburbs where his base tends to reside. In other words he wants to keep the suburbs white and not have affordable housing there. 

1. Sherwin, Wilson. “Turning Shame to Blame: Advancing the fortunes of the poor starts with a change in perspective.” The Progressive, vol. 84, no. 2, Apr.-May 2020, p. 24. Gale In Context: Opposing Viewpoints, https://link-gale-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/apps/doc/A622649623/OVIC?u=cuny_ccny&sid=OVIC&xid=97c197ff. Accessed 18 Sept. 2020.

• This magazine article is trying to convey the point that throughout history those in poverty, if the poverty becomes widespread enough, will develop a collectivist spirit and take matters into their own hands. The author portrays this with a wonderful organization called the poor people’s campaign which was formed in 2018. The poor people’s campaign has ideas focused on an annual UBI (akin to the platform democratic Andrew Yang ran on, though he wanted a monthly UBI), systematic racism, our war economy, and ecological devastation. The authors point in referencing this organization is to reinforce the idea that those suffering will eventually get pissed off enough to take action.

1. Smialek, Jeanna, et al. “U.S. Poverty Hit a Record Low Before the Pandemic Recession.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 15 Sept. 2020, www.nytimes.com/2020/09/15/business/economy/poverty-record-low-prior-to-pandemic.html.

• This NY Times news piece sheds light on the many factors or interweaving webs that poverty is tangled in. It sheds light onto the recent impact of coronavirus and how low poverty was before its impact due to our labor heavy economy. But the news piece also makes a great point that even though income was rising and poverty was the lowest it has been it is besides the point if people are only a couple missed paychecks away from entering poverty as the impacts of the coronavirus have clearly shown. It goes on to talk about how healthcare plays a role in poverty and the widening gap between the rich and the poor. 

1. Finch WH and Hernández Finch ME (2020) Poverty and Covid-19: Rates of Incidence and Deaths in the United States During the First 10 Weeks of the Pandemic. Front. Sociol. 5:47. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2020.00047

• This scientific study attempted to analyze the first 10 weeks of the coronavirus and its relation to poverty. It found out that more poor countries initially had a higher death rate and infection rate but that over time more wealthy countries overtook them. It has pointed to the lack of testing that usually means a great amount of lost lives in a COVID infected country. This is why it points to America’s large amount of deaths due to its incredibly mixed response. This is because in countries that focused on contact tracing and surveillance (South Korea, Singapore) inherited a very low rate of the virus but since this was not implementable in America (Americans don’t like being tracked) we focused on masks and lock downs to slow the virus. The researchers made a clear point that the effect of this method may not be clearly known for a long time but its initial results don’t look promising. 

Newspaper Article：

https://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/calif-man-allegedly-waterboarded-wife-held-captive-article-1.3964136

In “California man allegedly waterboarded wife, held her captive while he was on drugs” by Elizabeth, this news reported on a California man named Richard Schlosser who privately imprisoned his wife in his apartment and tortured her for two months while he was high on drugs. In addition, he waterboarded his wife. In the wife’s account, her husband not only beat her, kicked her, but also cut her with scissors. This domestic violence has risen severely to a criminal act. According to reports, Richard Schlosser is guilty of torture, false imprisonment, criminal threats and corporal punishment of the spouse. This type of domestic violence that is a menace and danger to modern society.

Scholarly Source：

https://www.nap.edu/catalog/5285/violence-in-families-assessing-prevention-and-treatment-programs

In “Violence in Families：Assessing Prevention and Treatment Programs” by Rosemary Chalk and Patricia A. King, it summarized the mental health problems that have affected children, adults, and the elderly over the past three decades, as well as the increasing frequency of child abuse in our society, not only physical abuse, but also emotional and sexual abuse. And the fact that nearly three million children in the U.S. have requested protection from the government, with a variety of different programs available. Protection agencies are providing assistance. In addition to providing advice on protection policies now in place, and we need to promote the effectiveness of domestic violence interventions in all settings.

Magazine Article：

https://www.thecut.com/2020/04/self-isolating-with-your-abuser.html#_ga=2.34011241.999447702.1600457393-2059133946.1600457393

“He Was The Last Person I Want To Be Stuck With,” a magazine story about a woman who was with her abusive partner during the COVID-19 epidemic. After the girl found out that the guy was cheating on her, he started to be violent, such as grabbing her hair, holding her down and beating her up. This is a very common occurrence of domestic violence, which not only hurts the girl’s rights but also undermines social norms of behavior. During the COVID-19, social isolation due to quarantine at home means that domestic violence became increasingly ‘aggressive’. Abusers are even more rampant due to the financial and emotional pressures of life, prompting them to lash out at their partners in increasingly extreme ways. So victims can send out distress signals to close friends and family members to prevent further harm from occurring.

Social media post：

https://www.justice.gc.ca/eng/cj-jp/fv-vf/about-apropos.html

Domestic violence is when someone uses domestic abuse to hurt a family member or someone in a close relationship, It comes in many forms of violence, such as physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, financial abuse and neglect. Also, there are 6 types of family violence: Intimate partner violence, child abuse and neglect, elder abuse, violence based on so-called “honour”, forced marriage, female genital mutilation. Furthermore, domestic violence has hurt the physical and mental health of the victims and even the safety of life; secondly, it’s a serious injury to the mental health of the victims, more likely to lead to mental disorder, overwhelmed, self-inflicted suicide, running away from home, violence and a series of tragedies. The problem of domestic violence is a great burden to the whole society and even to the harmony and stability of the country.

Open, USA Today

“Does my wheelchair make you uncomfortable? How my disability may have cost me a job.”

Dayniah Manderson is a Black woman and a tenured educator who has Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type II, a neural disease that confines her to a motorized wheelchair. In this opinion piece she shares a personal experience with interview discrimination alongside her account of an continuing education program she encountered that was not fully accessible. Her tone is self-serving and she is speaking to the able bodied public, the everyday casual reader of the publication. Manderson tells emotionally centered stories that spotlight the societal commonplace of equal opportunity employment injustices and align with disability advocacy.

https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/voices/2018/10/08/disability-access-job-interview-teacher-discrimination-ada-ableism-accommodation-column/1501095002/

Magazine, TIME

“‘Our Lives Are at Stake.” How Donald Trump Inadvertently Sparked a New Disability Rights Movement”

This is a political article, written by Abigail Abrams, with the clear intention of educating the readers of TIME about how individuals with disabilities have been impacted by the Affordable Healthcare Act repeal and what steps they are taking to advocate for themselves and their peers. She writes on the side of the afflicted but her address is fact driven and fair. The article opens and concludes with the personal reflection of a woman with muscular dystrophy who’s advocacy journey became more intense with the recent political shift, and specific interview quotes from other disabled and able bodied individuals are also used for effect throughout. This piece is written to specifically bring attention to the the minority represented however the author does remain relatively neutral, reporting information rather than opinion.

https://time.com/5168472/disability-activism-trump/

Newspaper, The Washington Post

“Virginia’s expansion of disability services leaves Fairfax County short of funds”

Antonio Olivio writes this fact driven and informative news piece about the increased funding necessary for disability services in Virginia. He methodically provides the reader with an account of how Fairfax County’s attempt at providing services to a larger more inclusive group of disabled individuals surpasses the current allotted budget. The article clearly presents the goal of the redesign, how it will impact individuals with disabilities, and positions of advocates in agreement and opposition to the plan’s objectives. The author is speaking to taxpaying residents and disabled recipients as well as those involved in disability advocacy to notify and educate.. He is without alliance, states zero opinions, and poses no questions. The purpose of this article is to bring the public up to speed on the area’s new disability services plan and its proposed cost.

https://go-gale-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T004&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=8478&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=70&docId=GALE%7CA491075659&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=ZNEW-FullText&prodId=STND&pageNum=4&contentSet=GALE%7CA491075659&searchId=R12&userGroupName=cuny_ccny&inPS=true

Scholarly, Social Inclusion

“Leveraging Employer in Global Regulatory Frameworks to Improve Employment Outcomes for People with Disabilities”

Matthew C. Saleh and Susanne M. Bruyere present a scholarly report that was part of the issue “Disability Equality: In Theory and Practice” in the Academic Journal Social Inclusion. Thoroughly researched and peer reviewed it is fact driven and statistically laden. Its purpose is to emphasis the impact employers can make in improving outcomes for disabled individuals, in contrast to previous studies and reports that primarily represent the viewpoint of the individual. It explores international regulations and the “empirically supported best practices in recruitment, hiring, advancement, retention, and full inclusion of individuals with disabilities in the workforce.” The authors’ objective when addressing their peers is to provide quantitative and diligently investigated information that advances the study of disability discrimination in the workplace. More specifically advocating policy-making considerations in support of the employer. Showcasing the potential that inclusive practices and their implementation strategies can make in increasing the accessibility of the open labor market and therefore favorably impacting the diversely-abled population in relation to fair employment opportunity.

https://go-gale-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/ps/i.do?p=OVIC&u=cuny_ccny&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA554493871&inPS=true&linkSource=interlink&sid=OVIC

#1: Open Web Source

https://www.vox.com/2020/4/1/21200247/coronavirus-texas-abortion-ban-pandemic-covid-19

This article discusses the difficulties of receiving an abortion during the Covid-19 pandemic since abortion is not considered essential health care. Due to this, 5 states have already banned abortion during this pandemic, making another obstacle for women to get an abortion. Furthermore, when a woman is planning to abort, it requires several visits to the doctor and these multiple visits mean multiple exposures to the outside world, causing the increase in contracting the Coronavirus. Moreover, due to the pandemic, many people around the world were laid off from their jobs, making it more difficult for those from a low socio-economic background to afford an abortion.

#2: Magazine Article

https://go-gale-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T003&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=14659&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=1&docId=GALE%7CA632184071&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=ZNEW-FullText&prodId=STND&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CA632184071&searchId=R3&userGroupName=cuny_ccny&inPS=true

In this magazine article, it begins with the history of abortion in India. Before 1971, abortion was illegal in India. It wasn’t until other countries made abortion legal, causing India to reexamine the topic of abortion and how there are several deaths caused by unsafe abortions. As a result, India passed the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act (MTP), and it made abortion legal in the country. Although it is legal, there are several restrictions such as, no access to safe and nonjudgmental abortion services, the need to find a doctor who has certified training specifically for abortion, and the need to have a doctor’s opinion to certify the reason for abortion, when the MTP clearly states that woman has the right to consent to an abortion. These limitations result in women turning to unsafe abortions that cause several deaths. Although abortion is legal, it is difficult to access.

#3: Newspaper Article

https://go-gale-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T004&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=450444&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=18&docId=GALE%7CA635588260&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=ZNEW-FullText&prodId=STND&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CA635588260&searchId=R4&userGroupName=cuny_ccny&inPS=true

In this magazine article, it starts off with a woman of a low socio-economic and uneducated background coming into an emergency room due to complications of unsafe abortion treatment. She passed away. Her family members viewed her as a shame in the family. Although abortion in Nepal is legal, there are still restrictions to allow women to receive an abortion and the mortality rate has not decreased. Poor woman still has no access to safe abortion and is what makes up most of the mortality rate in Nepal. The author introduces the idea from the WHO that the risk of death by abortion in a woman can be decreased if people were educated on sex, access to effective contraceptives, and safe care.

#4: Scholarly Source

https://go-gale-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/ps/retrieve.do?tabID=T002&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&searchResultsType=SingleTab&hitCount=2734&searchType=AdvancedSearchForm&currentPosition=12&docId=GALE%7CA54736780&docType=Article&sort=Relevance&contentSegment=ZONE-MOD1&prodId=AONE&pageNum=1&contentSet=GALE%7CA54736780&searchId=R7&userGroupName=cuny_ccny&inPS=true

This article discusses how, before Roe v. Wade, abortion was only accessible to a woman who had wealth and connections to a doctor. Abortion was frowned upon—both in society and religiously. Therefore, abortion operations were done discreetly. Furthermore, obtaining contraceptives was illegal, until the Griswold v. Connecticut case, which sparked the idea of the use of contraceptives can be extended to a woman’s right to choose for an abortion. Then the Roe v. Wade case helped women gain their right to abort. In NYC, abortion clinics opened and charge women for a fair price, unlike other clinics, causing thousands of women to travel to NYC. More woman finally has access to abortion clinics. However, there are dangers to doctors who perform abortions, as they can be a target of those who don’t agree with their actions. The author urges people to not solely focus on the law but to allow woman to have legal protection.

1. Latin Power Tracker: David Hayes-Bautista teams with California Lutheran University to tell an economic success story 

 This article from the San Fernando Valley Business Journal talks about a founder of the Latino Gross Domestic Product Project. David Hayes Bautista spoke about Latino Businesses and how they’ve grown more than non-Latino businesses over the years. He briefly talks about the immigrant families and their first-generation children graduating and going to school. Because their children are entering higher levels of the “human capital”, that makes them highly educated. The immigrant children will grow up and become consumers of other Latino businesses, or maybe manage their own business. Bautista explains how these businesses thrive as well. Although the article is short, it has statistics that I can use in my research.  

• http://ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/login?url=https://bi-gale-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/global/article/GALE%7CA578046244?u=cuny_ccny 

2. Somali’s in the Twin Cities and Colombus  

 This excerpt written by Stefanie Chambers talks about the story of a Somalian family. The example of their life in America. Briefly talking about the state of Minneapolis and how some opportunities are opened for them in this state. For example, one line says “even some Republican candidates have made direct appeals for the Somali vote. Moreover, the ward-based electoral system has opened doors for Somali elected officials”. In the chapter Chambers also includes a city in Minneapolis called the “Twin Cities”. The Twin Cities is a Somali Refugee population that started off with people arriving in Colombus from the early to mid 1990’s.  

• https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1wf4dnx.5 

3.Towards a population policy: Myths and Misconceptions concerning the Demographic Effects of Immigration 

 This journal article by Christabel Young summarizes some misconceptions that are related to immigration. It focuses specifically on the migration that occurs in Australia but can still be related to what happens in the USA. It mentions many misconceptions such as populations shrinking, making said population younger, and how the migrants contribute to the labor force. Young goes on to state these myths and debunk them with facts and statistics, proving other wrong. Proving that migration is not useless. It seems that the issue with a growing population is the most talked about over there, and this journal article investigates that issue. 

• https://www.jstor.org/stable/20635479 

4.Immigration & Language Diversity in the United States 

 This journal article goes in depth with how diverse immigration has shaped the United States. With people from all over arriving here and making a living for themselves from scratch, its analysis on how different languages came to exist in America, as well as how some are no longer in use, the authors Ruben G. Rumbaut and Douglas Massey state statistics on what languages are more known in America and which ones aren’t. Both authors look at how languages in the United States have evolved and how successful these populations have turned into. Finally, the languages the article mentions first are German, Yiddish, and Polish, but later it talks about Spanish became the most spoken language other than English in the USA.  

• https://www.jstor.org/stable/43297256 

Magazine article- https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/19/learning/what-students-are-saying-about-how-to-improve-american-education.html

The article “What Students Are Saying About How to Improve American Education” by The Learning Network discusses the flaws in the American Education system. The article goes over the main points and provides real-life anecdotes of people experiencing those flaws. For example, one of the main points being addressed is the amount of pressure put on students. The article then provides a short anecdote of someone experiencing that as it states, “The expectations that I wish that my teachers and school have of me is that I am only human and that I make mistakes.” Other main flaws being addressed in the article include the usage of less technology, preparing students for real life, elimination of standardized tests, giving teachers money and support, making lessons engaging, better learning environments, supporting students’ families, and de-emphasizing grades

Open Web Source- https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2016/06/everything-in-american-education-is-broken/488189/

The article “America’s Not-So-Broken Education System” by Jack Schneider talks about how flawed the American education system is and how it needs to be reformed. This article goes through various issues like the lack of training the teachers receive and how the curriculum is insufficiently challenging. For example, Schneider states, “or most of American history, teachers received no training at all, and hiring was a chaotic process in which the only constant was patronage.” Schneieer believes that the evolution of the American education system is slow and it has a lot of room for improvement. He states in order to create a better system this requires a lot of swift justice and steady effort.

Newspaper article- https://www.usnews.com/news/the-report/articles/2018-07-27/americas-schools-arent-working-for-americas-kids

The article “Rethinking Education In America” by  Gabrielle Levy is about an interview with Arne Duncan who has spent most of his life in and around education. Levy interviews Duncan about the contemporary issues surrounding American Education. For example, Levy asks Duncan about what’s holding the nation back in which Duncan responds, “There’s a small number of political leaders that are willing to challenge the status quo and challenge the base, but that’s few and far between.” Levy then goes on to ask Duncan about deeper issues of American education and potential solutions on how we can fix this system. Duncan believes that we don’t value teaching enough in that we don’t train teachers as professionals as well as the responsibility lies within us voters in not actively participating in this issue.

Scholarly article- https://web-b-ebscohost-com.ccny-proxy1.libr.ccny.cuny.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=1&sid=b70185a8-a4e8-48a3-9728-efb6794defcd%40pdc-v-sessmgr01

The article “The problem with American education” by Marvin C. Zastrow presents the issues surrounding American education. For example, Zastrow states, “The majority of today’s students need a stronger motivation.” Zastrow believes that a lack of motivation within the students is a crucial issue within the American education system. Other issues that Zastrow presents include issues with the grading system, the pressure on students, and methods of learning. Zastrow also addresses potential solutions to the American education system which includes giving weekly period length tests, grading all tests except finals which is a pass or fail, and students that fail weekly tests must attend review sessions until they have passed the test. Another solution he addresses would be to implement a flexible schedule within the curriculum so it makes it easier for students to learn.